AEA parece ser un monologo de dos, en tres meses faelo1 y alejandrop uno en ingles y otro en japoñol
aunque ese no es el tema de tan serio e ilustre blog, creo que este vinculo de nuestras neuronas para hacer un sistema nervioso mas grande debe preservarse.
Las ideas no son buenas o malas, sino sus ejecutores. el criterio de los humanos que las lleva a cabo. Aun no juzgo a Marx: leyendo “El Capital” de Marx desde la pagina 1 hasta el final…
No tengamos miedo de expresar nuestras ideas, en AEA mundo todos somos ejecutores
Last Saturday, I was checking my Friend Inti’s facebook, who lives in Spain. He uploaded a Lily Allen’s video which I liked very much. So, I decided to buy digital music through Mimix.cl web site for first time in my life. Before to do that, I looked for Lily Allen’s Album in Taringa.net, which is an Argentinean web site that contains an infinite musical catalogue. I found it. Moreover, I found videos, concerts, etc. I was going to spend $4.900 on that album, but I didn’t spend any money in the end.
Such an example reflects the moment that Music Industry is living right now. Another example is Michael Jackson’s death. What would have been a big business due to selling millions of albums years ago today is only a good business, because more and more people are not able to spend money on music, specially the youngest people.
What will be the future of music industry like? Nobody knows but we can make hypothesis about the future. If we see the situation in the developed world, the authorities are releasing new laws in order to punish the internet users who want to download material not authorized. In fact, this year, the French Congress approved a law whose purpose was punishing users who download material not authorized through suspending the internet service to them. Such a law wasn’t authorized by the Constitutional Council because it considered this law attempts against the rights of access to communication services.
In United States, the labels through the Recording Music Association of America, have taken legal actions against more than 30.000 users who have downloaded material not authorized. Last week, a woman was condemned to pay USD 1,920,000.00 due to download illegal material. By the way, she has been the only person who has been punished in USA for such kind of crime.
If we analyze the situation in our countries, it is very difficult to adopt such measures right now, because the authorities would have to spend a lot of resources to pursue the people who break the law. We have a lot of problems more important than protect copyrights such as poverty, health, habitation, etc. But, we have to look for a way to control the situation.
For this reason, we are going to see more and more artists producing their works for their own means. Labels will have to transform in companies whose purpose will be to organize concerts and collect a commission for this service. There is not return. The digital era has arrived.
En los circulos de gerencia y manufactura siempre se citan ejemplos de Japon, la calidad total es muy sencilla. Para que una sociedad logre calidad total se deben tener claros procedimientos, seguidos y respetados por todos. Asimismo para lograr la calidad total es preciso revisar continuamente el flujo de desperdicio que genera nuestra actividad y buscar reducirlo al minimo.
De esta manera me pongo a pensar tambien en Venezuela, donde cada individuo parece tener su propio procedimiento al cual no necesariamente esta alineado con el del resto de la sociedad, o con la ley. Por ejemplo hoy lei en el universal que censuraron unas publicidades de CEDICE (youtube abajo) que exhortaban las emociones a defender la propiedad privada. El gobierno las detuvo y las censuro ya que eran poco especificas y tendian a la manipulacion. Pero, acaso no es esto mismo lo que hacen los lideres de Venezuela?
Si existiese un verdadero marco legal, respetado y entendido por los lideres de la sociedad, podriamos realmente comenzar a construir un pais para todos. Un pais de entendimiento.
“Transparency is a broad term that, quite literally, means something that can be seen through. When we talk about transparency in terms of government spending, we are referring to government opening its books to the public so that taxpayers can see exactly where their money is going. Transparency ensures that your taxpayer moneys are spent efficiently by making all decisions in the open and on the record. Transparency means that citizens can review and question policymakers’ decisions, examine documents, root out inefficiencies and hold officials accountable for the way tax moneys are spent.”
Excerpt from the transparency section web site of Texas Government, EEUU.
In most of our Latin American countries, the concept “transparency” more than a wish is a utopia. Our societies seem not to be prepared to face this problem, arguing that they have a lot of problems to solve first such as poverty, lack of infrastructure, etc. But these reasons seem to be excuses, because transparency has not necessarily to be related to the development of a country. In fact, Transparency is an important tool to underdevelopment countries because everybody has the access to know about the use of public resources. The more access we have to that kind of information, the better tools we have to demand our rights. Transparency is as necessary in economy as in political stuff. Our democracies are very young, and our economy needs are always bigger than our resources. Political corruption undermines public trust in the democratic process. The integrity of the political system is fundamental to the rule of law and the ability of governments to safeguard the rights of its citizens.
Fortunately, there are two Latin American countries which have enacted a law of access to public information: Uruguay and Chile. Precisely, both countries have been classified among the countries with less corruption in the world by the NGO Transparency International.
In Chile, the new law has been well-received by almost all the people. The first thing that many people did (including myself) was to look for about the wage of important political figures and presidents of national companies, whose owner is the state of Chile, such as Codelco and Enap. But, beyond these kinds of typical attitudes of morbid curiosity of the people, the information is going to be very important to ensure the well use of public resources.
Nevertheless, all these tools are not going to avoid the corruption in Chile and other countries, because the corrupted people always are going to invent new ways to cheat. For this reason, the most important thing is to become honesty the main motto in our society through the system of education, advertisement campaigns against corruption in all levels from the schools to the enterprises as well as in our own families, talking about that problem with our children. It’s not an easy task but it is very important to make a better society.
He estado reflexionando sobre la importancia de la transparencia en el desarrollo de un país.
La transparencia genera confianza y credibilidad.
Es tan importante la integridad que de hecho es lo unico que cuenta, ya que cuando se tiene integridad es posible lograr cosas acompasadas y con ritmo, lo contrario solo hace que sea mas dificil hacer negocios y hacer sociedad.
La armonia y el civismo son fomentados en las nuevas generaciones y al ser propagados mediante la socializacion son la clave de la gobernabilidad y luego del desarrollo economico.
Si queremos profundizar en el tema podemos ver la web de Transparency International, la cual es una ONG anti corrupcion que nos ofrece algunos lineamientos para combatir el abuso y la malversacion de recursos que pertenecen a la sociedad.
Algunas conclusiones claves de Transparency International son:
• Una de cada 10 personas del mundo ha tenido que pagar un soborno, la extorsión ha incrementado en Asia y en el Sur de Europa.
• El principal receptor de sobornos a nivel mundial es la policia, poder judicial y los registros (en ese orden)
• El publico percibe a los politicos, poder judicial y el parlamento como las instituciones mas corruptas de la sociedad.
• La mitad de los seres humanos piensa que que la corrupción aumentara en sus paises.
• Tambien la mitad de los entrevistados cree que los esfuerzos de sus gobiernos para erradicar la corrupción son ineficaces y poco sinceros.
“When George Bush was elected, he held out the promise that this would change. He raised the hopes of the region that our engagement would be sustained instead of piecemeal. He called Mexico our most important bilateral relationship, and pledged to make Latin America a “fundamental commitment” of his presidency. It seemed that a new 21st century era had dawned.”
Obama Latin America speech in Miami
May 23, 2008
When George W. Bush ended his period in the presidency of The United States he was not able to show great results about Latin American relationship. During his presidency there were some advances such as the signature of Free Commerce Treatment with Chile, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, and República Dominicana; The support to Colombia to fight against the guerrillas, and nothing more.
In contrast, the region suffered many problems such as the influence of the Venezuelan President Mr. Hugo Chavez in some Latin American countries; the growing of Mexican drug traffic cartels; the building of a wall on the boundary between The United States and Mexico, etc. In all these problems the performance of The United States government has been deficient.
Now, Barack Obama represents the hope to change the attitude of The United States towards Latin American countries. The Hispanic people are more and more important in The United States because they can decide a presidential election with their votes. Moreover, the threatening of terrorist groups has provoked worrying about the use of Latin American countries like a platform to launch attacks against The United States.
Next April 17thTrinidad and Tobago will be the venue of the Summit of The Americas in which most of the American presidents will be present. Obviously, the attention will be fixed on United States president. Everybody is expecting his position about the current economical situation, whether United States is going to help Latin American countries, or whether United States is going to raise barriers to the importations from Latin America. In addition, the political situation will be a very important issue because of the influence of the populist Venezuelan leader Mr. Hugo Chavez in other countries, and how United States will face this situation.
The relationship between Latin America and United States has never been a relationship based on the respect to each other but a relationship in which United States has always imposed his point of view. So, the Barack Obama’s challenge will be find out how to change this historical situation and strengthen the trust each other. In times in which the occidental world faces the threaten of terrorist groups from Islamic world, and the power of China, and India, Latin American countries could cooperate to keep the occidental civilization alive. But, first of all, United States should integrate Latin American Countries by giving them not only help to fight against the poverty and drugs but also to treat them as a true partner.
As well as millions of Americans voters put his trust in Obama, Latin American countries hope Obama to break the paradigm of this relationship, inaugurating a new era of cooperation and good relations.
At 11:00 o’clock in the morning, The President Mrs. Michel Bachelet arrives in Castro’s Airdrome. Many people have been waiting many hours for her. She greets everyone with her well-known charm and good humour. Far away, a bunch of people demonstrates for the construction of ChiloéBridge. She approaches them and tries to talk to them about the reasons why she did not want to build the brigde yet. The president has had to live these kinds of situations for 3 years, facing many problems from the Penguin’s revolution to Chaitén Volcano. All the people agree with the fact that whatever president has to face this problems with wisdom and leadership. But it is particularly interesting when we are in front of the first female president of Chile.
Chile has been a country governed by male presidents since its birth. Our people used to see governors hitting a table, pointing with the finger with no fear, offering diplomatic relationship right here right now. But, these last three years, we are seeing a different way to face the problems. Nevertheless, an important sector of the people feels that Mrs Bachelet has a lack of leadership. For example, she has been criticized due to her performance during the Penguin Revolution, and the way to resolve the problem calling to a commission to discuss about education. Perhaps, they expected a performance similar to Ricardo Lagos’, Augusto Pinochet’, or Eduardo Frei’, but what they forget is that She is a woman. She cannot take a male attitude, because it does not fit to her. This kind of situations has repeated with the Transantiago crisis, the current economic international crisis, etc. Obviously, nobody is perfect. All the presidents make mistakes during the government, but I feel that most of the criticism against Bachelet is not only for her decisions about problems but simply because she is a woman. Only the time will judge her management. In that moment, we will be able to analyze her performance in retrospective.
Certainly, after many time fighting for her rights, the time to the women’s power has arrived to keep in the time. Surely, the women have a long way to cross. They still have to face the machismo in our society, and they have to show us that they are able to assume the responsibility to address a country or occupy important positions with firmness but under a woman outlook.
Aquí en Chile aun no ha llegado la crisis económica internacional. Esa es la sensación térmica que se percibe en el conciente colectivo de la población.De no ser por la paralización de la construcción del Edificio Costanera Center, símbolo de la bonanza económica de principios del siglo 21, y futuro icono de la ciudad de Santiago, en vísperas de la celebración de los 200 años de independencia de Chile, los chilenos estaríamos aun más desconectados de los está sucediendo realmente. Para una economía abierta como la chilena, las cosas pueden ponerse muy complicadas. Los resultados de la economía nacional de los últimos meses no son nada alentadores: El índice Mensual de actividad Económica (IMACEC) se contrajo en 1,4% en enero 2009; Las exportaciones industriales cayeron 20% en comparación a Enero 2008; y tanto las exportaciones e importaciones totales de febrero cayeron con respecto al año pasado.
El gobierno de la presidenta Michel Bachelet ha impulsado una serie de medidas de incentivo para la construcción, el empleo y las empresas. El plan contempla el gasto de USD 4.000 millones en diferentes áreas, como la reducción de impuestos a las empresas, el otorgamiento de líneas de crédito para las PYMES, el aumento del presupuesto para laconstrucción de infraestructura pública, el aumento del subsidio a la vivienda para la población en general, etc. Todas estas medidas contra cíclicas se han podido financiar con los ingresos por concepto de los altos precios que alcanzaron los commodities como el cobre en los últimos años. En total, la cuenta de ahorro de Chile es de 25.000 millones de dólares.
El hecho de que la crisis económica aun no se haya manifestado en toda su magnitud dentro de la sociedad chilena obedece en mi opinión a varios factores, entre los cuales destaca:
-Durante los meses del verano en el hemisferio sur (de diciembre a Marzo) la mayoría de la población aprovecha estos días para salir de vacaciones. Por lo que muchos están desconectados de la cotidianeidad.
-Aunque la mayoría de los chilenos no sea experto en economía (no tienen por qué serlos en todo caso) existe cierta tranquilidad cuando se piensa en la cuenta de ahorro que tiene el país en estos momentos, la cual puede ser utilizada justamente en estos tiempos difíciles.
-La estrategia comunicación del gobierno ha sido bastante efectiva, llamando a la calma y actuando con responsabilidad y transparencia a la hora de anunciar las medidas económicas paliativas a la crisis.
Lo que sí es cierto, y de lo que todos estamos de acuerdo es que la crisisva a llegar, y pronto. El gran problema es que no sabemos cuánto durará. Las señales que llegan desde el Estados Unidos son bastante erráticas en este aspecto. El sistema financiero norteamericano aun espera el plan de rescate del Gobierno, el cual aun se debate entre recurrir a mecanismos como el subsidio, la compra de acciones de los bancos con problemas, la compra de papeles que el mercado no quiere adquirir, o nacionalizar los bancos en crisis. Esta última propuesta es la que genera mayor resistencia, pues esto va en contra de su cultura. En todo caso, las medidas tomadas en Europa han sido mucho más rápidas y decididas, al nacionalizar derechamente los bancos afectados por la crisis.
Obviamente que esta crisis no solo ha puesto en jaque al sistema norteamericano de regulación de instituciones financieras, sino que ha puesto en el debate la viabilidad del sistema capitalista establecido. Al ir al rescate de grandes bancos y grandes empresas va surgiendo las “incómodas preguntas” ¿y por qué tenemos que ayudarles ahora? ¿Dónde estaban estos empresarios cuando no había crisis? ¿Es que acaso ayudaron a alguien alguna vez?
El hecho es que todos esperamos el pronto final de esta crisis, pero también esperamos respuestas claras y decisiones concretas que eviten estas situaciones en el futuro. Al fin y al cabo la globalización llegó para quedarse.
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